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. v PLOW. No. 260,072.5AY l 9 .Patented June 27.1882.-. Y

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. PLUW. Y 'No.260,072. I Patented June 27, 1882..

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L. B. WHITE.

PLOW. v No.'260,072. i Patented June'Z', 1882.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEWIS B. WHITE, or NORFOLK, VIRGINIA.

PLOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 260,072, dated June 2.7, 1882, Application filed March 22., 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEwIs B. WHITE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident at Noriolk, iu the county of Norfolk and State of Virginie, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Plows; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the inventionysuch as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of yreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to that class of plows shown in Patents Nos. 129,07 6, 140,749, 164,951, and 164,952, granted to me; and it consists in certain improvements'which will be hereinaf ter explained, and pointed out in the claims.

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In the drawings, Figure l is a top view of the standard. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a plow constructed according to my invention.

Figs. 3 and 4are elevations from opposite sides of the standard with the foot and mold-board removed. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are views of the removable foot which slips onto the lower end of the standard. Fig. 8 is an under side view, and Fig. 9 is a plan of the share of a single moldboard plow. Fig. 10 is the landside. Fig. 11 shows the under or rear sides of a portion of the moldboard. Figs. 12 and 13 are detail views, showing the movement of putting the removable foot onto the standard. Figs. 14 and 15 show the parts of a doubleturn plow applicable to my improved standard,

the said parts being similar to those shown 1 my Patent No. 164,951.

ais the standard, the upper end of which is enlarged, so as to provide a head, a', which projects forward and laterally a wide and long upper surface, a', made slightly convex longitudinally, for holding the plow-beam. The standard, near its upper end, is gradually thickened in outwardly-curved lines, so as to provide vertical concave surfaces a a on opposite sides, and the vertical concave edge a2 on its front. It is also built up so that it is convex in horizontal line .fr w, Fig. 2. The head is finished to a thin convex edge or rim, a4, on its forward end, which rim or edge is continued backward is well known that very slight angular surfaces on the upper end of plow-standards are sufficient to prevent the ready throwing off of long grass, cornstalks, or other trash, while curved surfaces permit said trash to pass readily.

The standard c is constructed with a head,

n, of peculiar form and adaptation. The head is formed by enlarging the upper end of the standard so that it projects forward and laterallyin both sides. This enlargement is made by gradually building the upper end outward and forward in curved lines, thus providing a.'

concave front edge, n3, surfaces n n2, and lateral concave f, which gives to any trash that may be forced upward tothe beam an outward impetus or throw and prevents it from'lodg.

ing against the beam and clogging the plow. The concave lateral surfaces a n2 are also made convex in horizontal section:

The flanges d2 are made convex on their iuner faces from their front to their rear ends. This construction of the flanges a2 and surface a permits a lateral and vertical pivotal adjustin g movement of the beam, and at the same time maintains a constant and firm hold thereon,which prevents any lateral or sliding movement thereof and takes oli the bolt which unites standard to beam.

The standard a has 'its lower wingor end, a3, formed thinnerthan the upperend, so ,as

to provide a shoulder, c, on the landside, and

arranged about midway between its upper and lower ends, the said shoulder being so formed as to extend from the rear edge to-and across the front edge thereof, as shown. The shoulder is by preference made slightly concave in its length across the side of the standard,form ing a smooth joint. A foot, a3, of the standard is formed with a rear projecting arm or base, a5, the under edge of whichis in the same horizontal line with the point a. The rear end of the base a5 is united to the body of the standard by a rear extended arch-base, am, and on the inner side, at the point of union between the base a5 and arch-base al", there is formed a series of teeth, o, as shown. Through the rear end of the base c5 there is formed a. hole, o', in which the bolt is put which fastens the rear end of the wing of the removable foot. This construction provides facilities for holding the removable foot and for converting the plow from a single to a double mold-board plow by attaching the under stock and blades, the double mold-board and share shown in my patent No. 164,951.

0n the land side of the base a5 there is formed the vertical half-round mortise a6, for purposes hereinafter explained.

The standard has formed in its under edge a curved side recess or mortise, a8, which fits over the crossbrace of the removable foot, hereinafter described.

b is the double-winged removable foot, composed of the landside-wimg.;r b and the moldboard wing b2. It fits snugly on the lower end, a3, of the standard a, to whichitis secured by a suitable bolt through its landside -wing b. The upper edge of the landside wing b is jointed to and fits snugly against the shoulder a4, while the lower portion, 1),ofits outer face is let in sufliciently to form a seat for the removable landside C. The landside-wingb has a flange, b4, formed on its under edge, which is curved upward, as shown, and at its forwardend unites with theunderedge ofthe moldboard or wing b2 and forms a neat and strong socket for the reception of the point a7 of the standard a. The iiange b4 acts as abrace and prevents the foot from being broken.

The rear ends of the wings b b2 are supported by the cross-brace 118, which is so arranged as to pass under the base a5 of the standard when the latter and the removable foot are fastened together. The brace 118 has one end fixed in the flange b4 on the under edge of the wing b', while its opposite end abuts against the inner side of the rear end of the wing b2.

Vhen the standard a, removable foot b, and landside C are fastened together they present a smooth vertical side for the single or the turning plow, as shown in Fig. 2.

On the upper orfront side ot' the mold-board or wing b2 of the removable foot b are formed two recesses, b5 bG, which are adapted to receive correspondingly-shaped projections formed on the under side of the mold-board and on the under side of the share or point, hereinafter described. The socket bG is lengthened on its lower side, forming the extension bl, as shown. The foot has also a small lip or projection, b9, formed on the outer lower corner, as shown.

bl0 1111 blz are holt-holes arranged as shown.

c is the share, having formed on its upper edge the projection c', which is so arranged as to provide straight shoulders c2 c3 on each side of it.

l On the under side of the projection c there is formed a projection, c4, which fits snugly into the depression or socket bG on the foot b, and it is provided with a T-shaped slot, c5, 7o which receives the head of the bolt which retains the said share in place on the said casting. c is a rib or extension ofthe projection c4, formed and arranged to iit snugly in the eX- tension b" ofthe socket 116.

c7 is a flange formed in such manner as to lit snugly around the point ofthe foot b when the sha-re is fixed thereon. The flange is formed with the hooked end 08, which passes behind or back of the projecting end b9. 8o

It will be seen that the share, seated on the casting, as described, will be held from twisting or turning by means of the coaction of the several parts hereinbefore described. The small bolt put through the hole b'l, and having 85 its head slipped into the slotc, holds theshare from being lifted vertically off its seat.

When tbe share is attached to the foot the curved edge or rim 1113 of the latter extends well down under and strengthens the frame at 9o its weakest points.

Iam enabled to make nlyshares muchlighter than shares have ordinarily been made,hecause ofthe support which is given by the rim bm, and the seat which is formed for the foot by flange cT gives to the share great firmness in its position.

d is the mold-board. Its forward end has formed in it the recess d', which, with shoulders d2 d3, adapts it to tit snugly over the projection c and against. the shoulders c2 c3 on the share c. On the under side ofthe moldboard there is formed a projection, d4, which flts snugly into the recess b5 in the wing b2 of the foot b.

d5 is a T-shaped slot, formed in the projection d4 to receive the head of the bolt which passes through the hole bwand holds the moldboard to the foot. The projection d4 is surrounded by a ange, d, the edge of which rests on the casting I) and prevents dirt from getting into the slot d5. This flange dG also supports and gives the proper set to the mold-board and point. This ange is made of different depths on different mold-boards, so that the same foot b may be employed to hold any one of them, and thus form a plow of greater or less inclination of mold-board. The share would have to be formed on its upper edge to adapt it to the set given to the moldboard.

C is the landside described in my Patent No. 140,749. It tits into the recess or half-mortise b3 on the side of the foot b, where it is held by suitable bolts.

In a single turn-plow constructed as hereinbefore explained the several parts liable to wear or to be broken are made in separate pieces, so that in case of accident to any given part it may be replaced without much costor trouble. The mold-board and share present a continuously-smooth surface free from bolt-holes. rlhe IOS IIS

share and mold-board are I'so braced together by their peculiar adaptation one to the other that any swingingor twisting of the moldboard on its single bolt is entirely prevented. All the parts ot' the p low are held as irml y as though formed together in a single casting.

The base a5 is made much thinner than in iny Patent No. 129,076, in order that it may readily be adapted to both single and double mold-board plows, and it has the half-round vertical mortise a6; corresponding to a halfround mortisein the sole, hereinafter described.

The weeder-stoek H and its blades I and the double mold-boards K K are constructed and applied to the standard, substantially as in my Patents Nos. 129,076 and 164,951.

The Vstandard may readilyhave applied to it the several parts forming a single turn-plow, as shown in Fig. 2; or it may have the parts of the double turn-plow applied as readily thereto, as shown in Figs. 14 and 15. Should any one part be broken it can be replaced by another at small cost. Should the leg or standard be broken a new one can be supplied at little cost without involving the loss of the foot b or any of the other parts. It will be seen that either the share or the mold-board may be removed from the foot without removing the other. Each is held independently by its own fastenings. Their edges are jointed together, and when both are secured to the foot they are held rigidly together and to the standard. rIhe center ofthe rear edge of the share, being built up so as to form the lug or projection c', enables me to furnish a share contain- .ing less metal than the ordinary share, and at the same time furnishes all the necessary facilities for making a strong connection with the pfoot. The projection o4 is formed partially or wholly on the under side of the extension c', and the latter covers the socket 11"', thereby excluding dirt from its own bolt-fastening.

In Figs. 12 and 13 the motion of slipping theshoe onto the standard is illustrated. When the two parts are brought together the under inner tlan ge, b4, of the foot projects under and protects 'the under edge ot'l the standard a.

It will be further seen that the bearing provided by the iiange d, Fig. 11, may be ,provided by a series of projecting points answering as bearings and arranged around the boltfastening. The protection of the bolt from dirt or dampness is but a secondary consideration, secured bymaking the iiange or bearing d continuous, as shown.

In the construction of the share and standardfoot I have shown the lug or projection for holding the bolt-head as formed on the under side of and covered by the rear part of said share; but it will be readily understood that a share having a rear projectinglug, as shown.

in Patent No. 164,951, issued to me, vmay be employed. In this case the extension c of the share could be dispensed with and the socket b would be arranged accordingly. The mold-board would be closely jointed to the share, and would cover the bolt-head which secured the share. into the socket and theshare would be secured by the bolt passed through the bolt-hole bu.

.Havingdescribed my invention,what Iclaim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Ina plow, the improved standard or stem a, having its lower end, a3, reduced on its outer side to provide a shoulder, 01.4, and having the rear extended base a5, the rear arch-brace, all, and suitable bolt-holes,all arranged and adapted to be used either for a single or a double turn-plow, substantially as set forth. l

2. The combination, with the foot b, having the socket bin its win g b2, of the share c, having the projection c4, T-slot c5, and the rib or tlan ge c6, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with the foot b, constructed with the recesses b b5 and projection b9, ofthe share c, having the projection c4 and T-slot c5, and provided with the ange c7, having hooked end c, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with the foot b, constructed with the recess b5, of the mold-board d, abutted against the share c, and having the projection d4 and T-slot d5, substantially as set forth.

5. The double-win ged casting or foot b,com posed of the landside-wing b', havingmortise b3 on its outer side to receive the landside c, and the mold-board wing 112,/ furnished with recesses or sockets b5 11"', substantially as and for the purposes as set forth.

6. In a standard for plows, the improved foot b, formed of the landside-win g b', having the inner under flange, b4, and the outer side v mortise, b3, to receive the landside C and the mold-board wing b2, and cross-brace bg, substantially as set forth.

7. In a plow, the herein-described means for securingthe mold-board, consistingin asocket, b5, on the standard-foot and the mold-board d, having on its under side a slotted projection, d4, to receive the bolt-head, and adapted to iit in the socket b5, and there be bolted to the foot, covering the socket and the bolt-head, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

8. In a plow, the herein-described means for securing the share, consisting of the foot b, having the socket b, and the share o, having a projection, o4, to fit in the socket 116 in the standardfoot, and havin g the slot c5, the share covering the bolt-head, as set forth.

9. In a plow-standard, a removable foot constructed with a longitudinal side recess or seat, b3, to receive the landside C, and awearing surface between the said seat and the upper edge of'said foot, substantially as shown.

10. In a plow, the standard a, provided with an abutting shoulder, a4, on its landside, and shaped to iit in the removable foot b, and provided with a base or support, a5, extended to the rear and adapted for either a single moldboard plow or for the sweeps and double moldboard of a cultivating-plow, substantially as .set forth.

The projecting lug would iit IOO IIO

IIS

11. The combination of the removable foot shown in Figs. 14 and 15, substantially as set ro b, having Wings b b2, brace 118, having one end forth. made fast; to the wing b', near thelower edge In testimony that I claim the foregoing I of the latter, and its other end inclined uphave hereunto set my hand. ward and extended to and made fast to wing 112,:1nd the stem @,baving its lower end formed LEWIS L WHITE' to slide into the angle between the wings b b2, the said brace b8 being arranged to permit the easy insertion or removal of the stem af, as 1 Witnesses:

PERRY B. TURPIN, GEO. F. GRAHAM. 

